Fluid-pressure motor.



D. S. WAUGH.

FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR. APPLIUATIUN FILED SEPT. 2a, 1909. 974,543.Patented Nov. 1, 1910.

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FLUID PRESSUREMOTOB.

APPLIOATION PILED snrmza, 1909.

' Patented Nov. 1, 1910.

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.D. S. WAUGH. FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR.

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Patented Nov.1,1910.

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UNITED STATES PATENT oEEroE.

DANIEL SHAW WAUGI-I, OF DENVER, COLORADO, ASSIGNOR TO TH@ DENVER ROCKDRILL @c MACHINERY COMPANY, 0F DENVER, COLORADO.

FLUID-PRESSURE MOTOR.

.To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, DANIEL SHAW VAUGH, a citizen of the United States,residing at Denver, in the county of Denver and State of Colorado, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Fluid-Pressure Motors,of which the'following is a specification.

The present invention relates to motors operated by motive fluid underpressure, and

while especially involving improvements in motors for rock drillingmachines, is not necessarily limited to this particular type.

One of the primary objects of the present invention is to provide noveland effective means for cushioning the piston on its return stroke andinitiating its working stroke so that jar and vibration to the motor asa whole is materially reduced, thus greatly prolonging the life of themachine.

A further and important object is to provide mechanism, whereby thestroke of the piston can be varied to suit the conditions under whichthe drill is operated.

The preferred form of construction is illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, wherein Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view through themotor. Fig. 1 is a detail view partly in section, illustrating therelation of the valve-controlling ports. Fig. 2 is a rear elevation ofthe same. Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional View on the line 3-3 of Fig.1 and on an enlarged scale. Fig. 4 is a detail sectional view throughthe automatic valve, similar to Fig. 3, but showing the valve in areversed position. Fig. 5 is a detail perspective View diagrammatic inits character, and illustrating the passageway that conducts motivefluid to the rear end of the automatic valve. Fig. 6 is a detail sec-'Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led September 25, 1909.

Patented Nov. 1, 1910.

Serial No. 519,543.

13 that has a threaded engagement with a feed screw 14. This feed screwis journaled at one end in the shell 8, and its other end is journaledin a cross head l5 connecting the ends of rearwardly projecting bolts 16that are secured to the rear end of the shell. A handle crank 17, fixedto the feed screw 14, constitutes means for rotating the same, and thuseecting the longitudinal movement of the cylinder member 10. The saidcylinder member is provided with a bore, the front portion of whichconstitutes a piston chamber 18, and arranged in the rear portion ofthis bore is a tubular plug 19 having a central longitudinal bore 20 ofless diameter than the piston chamber, and constituting an extensionthereof.

vA piston 21 reciprocates in the hollow piston chamber 18, and has areduced tubular extension 22 that operates in the bore 2O of the plug19. At the juncture of the extension 22 with the main body of thepiston, a shoulder 23 is produced, which shoulder constitutes a ressurcsurface for motive Huid, as hereinafter explained. The piston 21 has aforwardly extending neck 24 that projects through a suitable packing box25 carried by the front end of the cylinder member, and a tool-holdingchuck 26 is carried by the projecting end of the said neck 24. Thischuck is arranged to receive a drill bit 27 or other suitable tool. I

The cylinder member has mounted upon its upper side, a transverselydisposed valve casing 28, in which is mounted a rotary initial orthrottle valve 29 that is tapered, and is provided with an exposedactuating handle 30. Motive fluid under pressure from any suitablesource is conducted to one end of the valve through the inlet passage31, and enters `a chamber 32 formed in the larger inner end of the valve29. Disposed alongside of the throttle valve 29 is an auto matic fluidoperated valve 33 that is arranged in a cage 34 detachably fitted in thevalve casing 28. The automatic valve 33 and the manner in whichit'operates is fully disclosed in and'is covered by my former Patent,No. 919,270, dated Apr. 20, 1909, so that an extended descriptionthereof is believed to be unnecessary. It is suiicient to state that thevalve has an annular groove 35, which is always in communication with acentral groove 36 formed in the valve casing, and said groove 36 iscommunication with the motive fluid supply through a port 37 when t einitial or throttle valve 29 is open, as il ustrated in Fig. 3. Arrangedon opposite sides of the channel 36, and formed in the valve casing 28are other annular channels 38 and 39, from which eX- tend passageways orports and 41 that communicate with the piston chamber 18 on oppositesides of the main body of the piston 21. As a result, it will be obviousthat, if the valve 33 is in the position shown in Fig. 3 and if thethrottle valve 29 is opened, the motive fluid will pass from the channel36 by way of the channel 35, into the channel 38, and thence to thepassageway 4Q. At the same time, the end of the valve 33 has uncovered aport 42 communicating with the channel 39, and with the exhaust port 43,so that motive fluid which maybe in the piston chamber 18, in advance ofthe piston, can' escape through the passage' 41, ports 42 and 43, intothe open air.

lOri the other hand, when the valve is at the opposite limit of itsmovement, as shown in Fig. 4, then the motive fluid,unde`r pressure,will passl from the channel 36, through the channel 35, into the channel39, and thence to the front end of the piston chamber, while theXh'au'st in rear of the piston can take 'place through the passageway40, the channel 38, and ports 44 into the bore 45 of the valve, whenceit can escape through the eX- haust port 43. The rear end of the valvehas a pressure area or surface 46', and motive fliiid is conductedvagainst this surface `through a assae 47 communicating with b p 2D Dthe chamber 48 that has ports 49 opening into the rear end of the valvecage. The passageway 47 leads from the rear portion of the pistonchamber, and has two branches 50` and 51, the branch 50 having an inletport ,52 communicating with the piston chamber 18 in advance of theinlet end 53 of the branch 5'1. This arrangement will be clear byreference to Fig. 5. A manually operated valve 54 controls the passageof inotive fluid from the piston chamber,

through the port 53 and branch 51 into the passageway 47, said Valve 54being preferably in the form of a plug that is held in closed positionby a coiled spring' 55. The valve has a stem 56 projecting through abushing 57 located in one side of the valve casing, and secured to theouter end of the stem is an exposed actuating knob or head 58. port 59leads from the annular channel 36', and opens into an annular channel 60formed in the cylinder ymember around the piston chamber 18, andsubstantially midway between its ends. The piston 21 has an annularchannel 61 that moves into and out of register with the channel 60. Thischannel 61 constitutes a port communicating `with one or morelongitudinal passageways 62 formed in the piston and opening through itsrear end at the shoulder or pressure surface 23.

The operation of the apparatus is substantially as follows The actuatingor motive fluid being admitted to the channel 36 by turning the throttleor initial valve 39 to the position shown in F ig. 3, it is free to flowthrough the port 59 into the channel 61 when the piston is in theposition illustrated in Fig. 1. Passing therefore through thelongitudinal passages 62, it will enter the piston chamber in rear'pofthe piston, eXerting a force that moves the piston forward unt-il theshoulder 23 uncovers the Vport 40. In`v the meantime, the motive huid inthe valve chamber has acted on the unequal area exposed, and has forcedthe valve into the position shown in F ig. 3, so that the motive fluidpasses into the chanel 38 and thence through the passageway 40 into thepiston chamber behind the piston. Atthe saine time, the exhaust ofA themotive fluid in advance of the piston takes place through the passage41, channel 39, and ports 42 and 43. The piston, however, having movedto a position to uncover the port 40, the channel 61 of said pistonmoves out of communication with the channel so that the piston iscontinued in its forward vmovement by the pressure supplied through theport 40. When the piston in its forward movement uncovers the port 52 ofthe passageway 47, motive fiuid under pressure is admitted through saidpassageway 47 and ports 49 against the rear end of the valve, overcomingthe pressure in the opposite direction, due to the unequal areas of thevalve, and moving the valve to the position shown in Fig. 4. This closescommunication between the channel 39 and the exhaust port 43 and admitsmotive fluid under pressure from the channel 36 through the port 42into. the channel 39, and thence through the passageway 41 into thepiston chamber 18 in advance of the piston. This Huid pressure acting onthe piston effects the return movement thereof, while the motive fluidcontained in the piston chamber in rear of the piston is expelledthrough the port and passageway 40, the ports 44 and the bore 45 of thevalve. The plug 40a, extending into the hollow valve, sufficientlyobstructs the passage of the exhaust to hold the valve in the positionillustrated in Fig. 4 until the piston in its return movement closes theport 52 and again brings the passageways 62 of the piston intocommunication with the port 59. The valve then reacts under thedifferential pressure, and moves to the position shown in Fig. 3, whilethe motive fluid, which passes through the passageways 62 into the rearend of the piston chamber, behind the piston, cushions said piston atthe end of its return stroke, and initiates the forward or workingstroke. y

As it often becomes desirable or necessary to shorten the stroke ortravel of the piston,

t in its forward travel uncovers the port 53 of the branch 51, themotive fluid from the piston chamber will pass through said branch,through the passageway 47 to the rear end of the valve, and shift it,hastening the cycle of said valve, and shortening the stroke of thepiston, as will be obvious.

From the forgoing, it is thought that the construction, operationA andmany advantages of the herein described invention will be apparent tothose skilled in the art without further description, and it will beunderstood that various changes in the size, shape, proportion and minordetails of construction may be resorted to without departing from thespiritor sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. In a fluid pressure motor, the combina.- tion with a cylinder member,of a reciprocating piston therein, having a working and a return stroke,a valve casing located on one side of the cylinder member and having avalve chamber provided with an internal annular channel, motive fluidsupply means communicating with the channel, and a port extending fromthe channel to the interior of the cylinder member, said casing alsohaving another port leading from the chamber to the rear portion of thecylinder mem- A ber, and an automatic valve operating in the easing andcontrolling the passage o motive fluid from the annular channel to thelast mentioned port, while permitting motive fluid at all times to passfrom the annular channel to the first mentioned port, said piston havinga passageway opening through its rear end and also having an inlet portthat moves into and out of register with the first mentioned port of thevalve easing.

2. In a Huid pressure motor, the combination with a cylinder member, ofa reciproeating piston therein having a working and a return stroke, avalve casing located on one side of the cylinder member transverselythereof and having a valve chamber provided with an internal annularchannel, a cage detachably located in the chamber and having openingsthat communicate with the annular channel, said valve casing having aport extending from the annular channel to the interior of the cylindermember between its ends and also having another port leading from thechamber to the rear portion of' the cylinder member, motive fluid supplymeans communicating with the channel, and an automatic reciprocatingvalve operating in the cage and controlling the passage of motive fluidfrom the annular channel to the last mentioned port While permittingmotive fluid at all times to pass from the annular channel to the firstmentioned port, said pistou having a longitudinal passageway openingthrough its rear end, and said passageway having an inlet port thatmoves into and out of register with the first mentioned port of thevalve casing.

3. In a fluid pressure motor, the combination with a cylinder member anda reciprocatory piston operatin therein, of means for supplying motiveuid to the cylinder to reciprocate the piston, said means including anautomatic fluid operated valve, a passageway for conducting motive fluidfrom the interior of the cylinder member against one end of the valve,said passageway having a plurality of inlet ports communicating with thecylinder member at different points and successively covered anduncovered by the piston, a valve for controlling one of the ports, aspring operating against the valve to normally hold the same in closedposition, and an exposed operating handle for moving the valve againstthe action of the spring to open the port.

4L. In a fluid pressure motor, the combination with a cylinder memberand a reciproeatory piston operating therein, of means for supplyingmotive fluid to the cylinder to reciprocate the piston, said meansincluding an automatic fluid operated valve, a passageway 'forconducting motive fluid from the interior of the cylinder member againstone end of the valve, said passageway having a plurality of inlet portscommunicating with the cylinder member at different points andsuccessively covered and uncovered by the piston, aI sliding plug valvemovable into and out of one of the ports for closing the same, saidvalve having a stem projecting from one side of the cylinder member andprovided with an exposed operating handle, and a spring surrounding thestem and bearing against the valve for normally moving the same toclosed position.

In testimony whereof, I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

DANIEL SHAW WAUGI-I. Vitnesses WILLIAM I-I. LEONARD, HERBERT E. FISKE.

